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Книги Rossabi Morris
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About the series: The Norton Casebooks in History provide students with everything they need for in-depth study of select topics in major periods studied in American and world history. Each volume consists of an introductory essay by the editor on the topic, primary sources, and recent essays by historians that explore different interpretations. Each volume combines the most authoritative text available with contextual and critical materials that bring the topic to life for students. |
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The Mongols carved out the largest land-based empire in world history, stretching from Korea to Russia in the north and from China to Syria in the south in the thirteenth century. Along with their leader Chinggis Khan they conjure up images of plunder and total destruction. Chinggis and his descendants introduced a level of violence that had perhaps never been seen in world history. Although this book does not ignore the devastation and killings wrought by the Mongols, it also reveals their contributions. Within two generations, they developed from conquerors and predators seeking booty to rulers who devised policies to foster the economies of the lands they had subjugated. Adopting political and economic institutions familiar to the conquered populations and recruiting native officials, they won over many of their non-Mongol subjects. Mongol nobles were ardent patrons of art and culture. They supported and influenced the production of Chinese porcelains and textiles, Iranian tiles and illustrated manuscripts, and Russian metalwork. Their most significant contribution was to foster the greatest contacts among diverse civilizations in world history. The Mongol peace they imposed on much of Asia and their promotion of trade resulted in considerable travel and relations among numerous merchants, scientists, artists, missionaries, and entertainers of different ethnic groups. It is no accident that Europeans, including Marco Polo, first reached China in this period. Eurasian and perhaps global history starts with the Mongol empire. Rossabi follows the Mongol empire through to collapse due to internal disunity. Struggles for succession and ill-planned and expensive military campaigns ultimately tore apart one of the most influential empires in world history. |
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История Евразии начинается с монголов. Они создали самую обширную империю в мировой истории, простиравшуюся от Кореи до Западной Руси на севере и от Бирмы до Ирака на юге. Монголы господствовали на большей части территории Евразии и держали в страхе оставшуюся часть. И наибольшая известность принадлежит двоим: Чингис-хану и его достойному внуку — Хубилаю. Он обрел славу в ходе длительной и кровопролитной междоусобной войны с собственным братом и приумножил завоевания своих предшественников. Хубилай стал первым монгольским ханом, отошедшим от образа степного кочевника-завоевателя и принявшим на себя обязанности правителя оседлого общества. Его тридцатичетырехлетнее правление отмечено строительством столицы, разработкой свода законов и новой письменности для всех языков, распространенных на территории Монгольской империи, и покровительством актерам, художникам, ученым и врачам, но все же — непрерывной войной по всему периметру границ империи. Мы представляем отечественному читателю не просто лучшую и наиболее беспристрастную научную биографию Хубилая — одного из величайших в мировой истории правителей, но увлекательное повествование об интересной и удивительной эпохе. |
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